1) Elastomeric Bearings - Natural Rubber






Recommendations for Laminated Elastomeric Bearings
General
1) Function

Elastomeric bearings can accommodate translational movements in any direction and rotational movements about any axis by elastic deformation . They should not be used in tension .

2) Basic of design

The basic of the design in that the elastomeric is an elastic material  the deflection of which under a compressive load is influenced by its shape .
Reinforcing plates included in the bearing should be bonded to the elastomer to elastomeric bearing should be designed at the serviceability limit state only .

3) Fixing and installation of bearings
a ) When the requirements for bearing installation are being specified , the following should be considered :-

i ) Flatness of contact surfaces .
    As laminated bearings are stiff , the contact surfaces should be flat and
    irregularities should be kept small. A Tolerance of +- 1mm over the contact
    surfaces is normally adequate .

ii ) Out of parallel between contact surfaces.
     Where bearings are to be installed between performed surfaces , the out of
     parallel tolerance between these surfaces should be specified to ensure that
     the combination of out of parallel of the bearings themselves added to the out
     of parallel of the contact surfaces will leave sufficient rotation capacity in the
     bearing for working conditions .

iii ) Texture of contact surfaces
      The best contact surfaces are those that have an uniform texture and a
      high coefficient of friction . Smooth or slippery surfaces should be avoided .

Method of installing rubber bearings

1) Introduction

a) Rubber bridge bearings can be conveniently divided into 2 types -- " fixed " ,
     where the deck is permitted only to rotate and horiontally movements of the
     deck are restrained , and " Free " , where the deck can rotate and
     move horizontally .

i ) Fixed Ends
    Fixity is usually provided by dowels passing from the deck to the abutment.
    One end of each of these dowels should be fitted with a rubber dowel cap ,
    which permits the deck to expand and contract laterally and to rotate .

ii ) Free Ends
     Bearings will locate satisfactorily by friction alone , provided that the requirements
     in clause 10.11 , section 9.1 , BS 5400 is satisfied .

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